What types of ecosystems and ecosystems services can be included in the valuations?

NBI includes many ecosystems, such as lakes, mangroves, forests, dunes, rivers, and grasslands. These ecosystems provide different services that we can value in economic terms. We focus on: 

  • Ecosystem services that complement or replace grey infrastructure or that provide general infrastructure benefits such as flood protection or water filtration. 
  • Ecosystem services that reduce costs for adaptation and support economic activities. For example, an existing wetland can provide water for agriculture and avoid extra investments in water storage and irrigation. 
  • Cultural services related to activities like recreation, tourism, agriculture, and fisheries. 

For each valuation, we choose which services to focus on with our clients.